Malicious PDF — malware analysis report

Static analysis result for SHA-256 f4a6a3ed497c46f3…

MALICIOUS

PDF

41.0 KB Created: !Kcò@xNXý‹_=â{r'îîh¡ Authoring application: $>  §ÝCz÷xr First seen: 2026-05-11
MD5: a4863501ea17b548714b4df43c8d95ff SHA-1: 8db16d29977038cc1ce4ed6da9598159c652bac1 SHA-256: f4a6a3ed497c46f3de2c8a5749ba3bb6ce0c670e04e525e997aceff679c970d3
312 Risk Score

Malware Insights

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.001 JavaScript/JScript T1566.001 Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information

The PDF file is encrypted and contains JavaScript, a common technique to conceal malicious payloads from static analysis. The presence of PDF_ENCRYPTED_WITH_JS and PDF_JAVASCRIPT heuristics indicates that the JavaScript is likely responsible for decrypting or executing the hidden content. The PDF_IMAGE_ONLY_LURE heuristic suggests a deceptive presentation, possibly to trick the user into interacting with the malicious content.

Machine Learning

  • Nyx PDF Classifier malicious score 0.9959

Heuristics 11

  • Adobe Reader LibTIFF XFA image exploit — CVE-2010-0188 critical CVE likely CVE_2010_0188
    PDF contains XFA image data with an inline crafted TIFF payload and shellcode/delivery markers. This is the data-bound variant of the CVE-2010-0188 Adobe Reader LibTIFF/XFA exploit shape.
  • JavaScript action low 3 related findings PDF_JAVASCRIPT
    PDF contains a /JavaScript action. Generic JavaScript is common in benign forms; specific dangerous APIs are scored by separate rules.
  • Obfuscated multi-stage PDF JavaScript heap-spray exploit critical CVE related PDF_JS_OBFUSCATED_MULTISTAGE_HEAPSPRAY
    PDF JavaScript hidden behind nested stream filters and/or a custom in-JS decoder (rolling-XOR stager) decodes to a heap-spray / ROP chain. The spray is only visible after unwinding those layers, which is why the raw heap-spray rules miss it. This is an obfuscated multi-stage Adobe Reader JavaScript exploit; the dropped Windows payload (often named Win.Trojan.Agent by signature AV) is the second stage, not the delivery mechanism.
  • PDF JavaScript exploit cluster critical PDF_JS_EXPLOIT_CLUSTER
    PDF combines an executable JavaScript/action surface with exploit staging indicators such as eval/unescape/fromCharCode, XFA script content, or a related CVE pattern. Benign form JavaScript remains low-severity, but this correlated cluster is high-confidence malicious behavior.
  • Embedded JS stream low PDF_JS
    PDF references a /JS stream. Generic JavaScript is common in benign forms; specific dangerous APIs are scored by separate rules.
  • Encrypted PDF carries /JavaScript — payload hidden from static analysis high PDF_ENCRYPTED_WITH_JS
    PDF declares /Encrypt and also references an executable trigger (/JavaScript). Document encryption hides the JavaScript body and stream contents from static scanners — combined with auto-execution indicators this is a known evasion pattern used to deliver weaponised JavaScript that the analyst cannot inspect without the decryption key.
  • Suspicious extracted artifact medium EXTRACTED_FILE_STATIC_TRIAGE
    One or more files extracted from inside this sample matched static suspicious-content checks such as script obfuscation, encoded payload blobs, packed data, or execution/download terms.
  • Embedded file low PDF_EMBEDDED
    PDF embeds a file attachment — could carry an executable or another weaponised document as a nested payload
  • XFA form low PDF_XFA
    PDF uses XML Forms Architecture — can contain script logic
  • AcroForm button with action trigger low PDF_ACROFORM_BUTTON
    PDF contains a /Btn form field together with a SubmitForm/URI/Launch/JS trigger — this is the building block of fake 'Download' or 'Open' button overlays used in PDF phishing lures
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL http://cgi.adobe.com/special/acrobat/update Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://ns.adobe.com/xdp/Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://www.xfa.org/schema/xci/1.0/Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://www.xfa.org/schema/xfa-template/2.1/Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://www.xfa.org/schema/xfa-template/2.2/Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://www.xfa.org/schema/xfa-data/1.0/Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://www.xfa.org/schema/xfa-locale-set/2.1/Referenced by PDF JavaScript
    • http://ns.adobe.com/xtd/In PDF document text
    • http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#In PDF document text
    • http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/In PDF document text
    • http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/In PDF document text
    • http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/In PDF document text
    • http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/mm/In PDF document text
    • http://ns.adobe.com/xfdf/In PDF document text

Related samples 8

Ranked by shared artifacts, heuristics, extracted URLs, CVEs, and signatures.

Full JSON: related samples API

Extracted artifacts 22

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
embedded_file_obj0006.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 6 at offset 0x7EE 85 bytes
SHA-256: c06dcd026a7ea0536b63e07ce688691b585339a3ab7ff59065e546b56308c7bb
embedded_file_obj0007.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 7 at offset 0x8A0 1714 bytes
SHA-256: e5961298f15a75ec369e75b9b1d7e5eeddd772761c12e8d8647365479bce768a
embedded_file_obj0008.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 8 at offset 0xBA9 18241 bytes
SHA-256: 7be8c8795d438cddf0f6cc33dce3b405ad774eaa84635ba5df37e64bf1757056
Detection
ClamAV: No threats found
Obfuscation or payload: likely
Carved artifact contains 13 eval/decoder/string-building token(s).
embedded_file_obj0009.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 9 at offset 0x16C0 11889 bytes
SHA-256: e69191c9cbae73c8ffa3d467a14d84bfc9670521cdaeeb85a1137df5d80e94cb
embedded_file_obj0010.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 10 at offset 0x1877 2312 bytes
SHA-256: b0ea66f7430b200638dd1d127c4ad1b7c06b84f8437385ed24bdd17795b21701
embedded_file_obj0011.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 11 at offset 0x1B5D 212 bytes
SHA-256: cd22c6b8974c7893d3c69ebeac62c694ce0c8081ddd0c9e9000b279062d0125b
embedded_file_obj0012.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 12 at offset 0x1C58 724 bytes
SHA-256: 7438c1913b64fcc96d2a68c8cb5fc5f0dc894997332369701180bc86984c4354
embedded_file_obj0013.bin pdf-embedded-file PDF EmbeddedFile object 13 at offset 0x1E38 85 bytes
SHA-256: a60265344cf1a9e94da34c8f587f64a4297e2fa417c895852209903ab7588bcc
javascript_obj0040_000.js pdf-javascript-stream PDF /JS object 40 at offset 0x96CA 2794 bytes
SHA-256: 4e139c8b22ec16bd5aa51575c80dec2bbf89b76977a06b68473031a0eb206366
Preview script
First 1,000 lines of the extracted script
if (typeof(this.ADBE) == "undefined")
   this.ADBE = new Object();
ADBE.LANGUAGE = "ENU";
ADBE.Viewer_string_Title = "Adobe Acrobat";
ADBE.Viewer_string_Update_Desc = "Adobe Interactive Forms Update";
ADBE.Viewer_string_Update_Reader_Desc = "Adobe Reader 7";
ADBE.Reader_string_Need_New_Version_Msg = "This PDF file requires a newer version of Adobe Reader. Press OK to download the latest version or see your system administrator.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_601 = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Reader. Although the form may appear to work properly, some elements may function improperly or may not appear at all. Press OK to initiate an online update or see your system administrator.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_Older = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Reader. Although the form may appear to work properly, some elements may function improperly or may not appear at all. Press OK for online download information or see your system administrator.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Viewer_601 = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Acrobat. Although the form may appear to work properly, some elements may function improperly or may not appear at all. Press OK to initiate an online update or see your system administrator.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Viewer_60 = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Acrobat. Although the form may appear to work properly, some elements may function improperly or may not appear at all. For more information please copy the following URL (CTRL+C on Win, Command-C on Mac) and paste into your browser or see your system administrator.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Viewer_Older = "This PDF requires a newer version of Acrobat. Copy this URL and paste into your browser or see your sys admin.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_5x = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Reader. Without a newer version, the form may be displayed, but it might not work properly. Some form elements might not be visible at all. If an internet connection is available, clicking OK will open your browser to a web page where you can obtain the latest version.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_6_7x = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Reader. Without a newer version, the form may be displayed, but it might not work properly. Some form elements might not be visible at all. If an internet connection is available, clicking OK will download and install the latest version.";
ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Viewer_7x = "This PDF form requires a newer version of Adobe Acrobat. Without a newer version, the form may be displayed, but it might not work properly. Some form elements might not be visible at all. If an internet connection is available, clicking OK will download and install the latest version.";
javascript_obj0041_001.js pdf-javascript-stream PDF /JS object 41 at offset 0x998D 870 bytes
SHA-256: 4a1aca004cf20431c9a66dce85404a6411a54d881a6c257882260ffc972a13eb
Preview script
First 1,000 lines of the extracted script
if (typeof(ADBE.Reader_Value_Asked) == "undefined")
   ADBE.Reader_Value_Asked = false;
if (typeof(ADBE.Viewer_Value_Asked) == "undefined")
   ADBE.Viewer_Value_Asked = false;
if (typeof(ADBE.Reader_Need_Version) == "undefined" || ADBE.Reader_Need_Version < 7.0)
{
   ADBE.Reader_Need_Version = 7.0;
   ADBE.Reader_Value_New_Version_URL = "http://cgi.adobe.com/special/acrobat/update";
   ADBE.SYSINFO = "?p=" + app.platform + "&v=" + app.viewerVersion + "&l=" + app.language + "&c=" + app.viewerType + "&w=" + "XFA1_6";
}
if (typeof(ADBE.Viewer_Need_Version) == "undefined" || ADBE.Viewer_Need_Version < 7.0)
{
   ADBE.Viewer_Need_Version = 7.0;
   ADBE.Viewer_Value_New_Version_URL = "http://cgi.adobe.com/special/acrobat/update";
   ADBE.SYSINFO = "?p=" + app.platform + "&v=" + app.viewerVersion + "&l=" + app.language + "&c=" + app.viewerType + "&w=" + "XFA1_6";
}
javascript_obj0042_002.js pdf-javascript-stream PDF /JS object 42 at offset 0x9AE5 1528 bytes
SHA-256: c876171bd867b66b7671fb337ff9e57d18cd15b43d344cf5a7243821300a408a
Preview script
First 1,000 lines of the extracted script
if (typeof(xfa_installed) == "undefined" || typeof(xfa_version) == "undefined" || xfa_version < 2.0)
{
   if (app.viewerType == "Reader")
   {
      if (ADBE.Reader_Value_Asked != true)
      {
         if (app.viewerVersion < 6.0)
         {
            if (app.alert(ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_5x, 1, 1) == 1)
               this.getURL(ADBE.Reader_Value_New_Version_URL + ADBE.SYSINFO, false);
            ADBE.Reader_Value_Asked = true;
         }
         else if (app.viewerVersion < 7.0)
         {
            if (app.alert(ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_601, 1, 1) == 1)
               app.findComponent({cType:"App", cName:"Reader7", cDesc: ADBE.Viewer_string_Update_Reader_Desc});
            ADBE.Reader_Value_Asked = true;
         }
         else
         {
            if (app.alert(ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Reader_6_7x, 1, 1) == 1)
               app.findComponent({cType:"Plugin", cName:"XFA", cDesc: ADBE.Viewer_string_Update_Desc});
            ADBE.Reader_Value_Asked = true;
         }
      }
   }
   else
   {
      if (ADBE.Viewer_Value_Asked != true)
      {
         if (app.viewerVersion < 7.0)
            app.response({cQuestion: ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Viewer_Older, cDefault: ADBE.Viewer_Value_New_Version_URL + ADBE.SYSINFO, cTitle: ADBE.Viewer_string_Title});
         else if (app.alert(ADBE.Viewer_Form_string_Viewer_7x, 1, 1) == 1)
            app.findComponent({cType:"Plugin", cName:"XFA", cDesc: ADBE.Viewer_string_Update_Desc});
         ADBE.Viewer_Value_Asked = true;
      }
   }
}
xfa_image_rawvalue_000.tif pdf-xfa-image-tiff XFA image/rawValue TIFF payload near offset 0x23AB 8543 bytes
SHA-256: 463a22f5c4742af2c299492117c3afdec519cfc9b4cbf3f66fa9529e61b55e3a
Detection
ClamAV: No threats found
Obfuscation or payload: likely
Static shellcode analysis found candidate code region(s). Indicators: NOP sled, heap spray 0x0C
xfa_image_rawvalue_001.tif pdf-xfa-image-tiff XFA image/rawValue TIFF payload near offset 0x1757 8543 bytes
SHA-256: 16f9567b4ebc941541cc832fcd171012d9232dd99ba2bc5402942c602808b2fc
Detection
ClamAV: No threats found
Obfuscation or payload: likely
Static shellcode analysis found candidate code region(s). Indicators: NOP sled, heap spray 0x0C
font_00_cff_off000035b6.bin pdf-font-stream PDF embedded font (cff) at offset 0x35B6 31178 bytes
SHA-256: 23831e143e2e1a484b95ee765b15d94562c951468b895c080e655667dc04ddf0
embedded_file_obj0039_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 39 at offset 0x7948; filter decode failed 89 bytes
SHA-256: 4a6153920caeec6a1e4aab4c0f8e86ec7acea8b935870c0228833d1c4c6ed275
embedded_file_obj0040_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 40 at offset 0x79FA; filter decode failed 688 bytes
SHA-256: a148c8f1869d6f9d8691a786b3b3c8e845e8b257b62e3a30c9cb925c5ce4004a
embedded_file_obj0041_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 41 at offset 0x7D04; filter decode failed 2924 bytes
SHA-256: 5ff78555d8c3bbf2a5f1b972a1e66d310bb6f5e9bcadb0f7063b4d57c3b1caac
embedded_file_obj0042_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 42 at offset 0x88C9; filter decode failed 359 bytes
SHA-256: ec98a22a9ffc89ef695d4adfb25ff62c8a695e5bc8b9ae2bed32de5f3d59ff70
embedded_file_obj0043_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 43 at offset 0x8A89; filter decode failed 652 bytes
SHA-256: e82e9d5d4b7289702ce11d3d037eb9266e0963ad14f7f9cc2087ecbc488e197b
embedded_file_obj0044_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 44 at offset 0x8D6E; filter decode failed 162 bytes
SHA-256: 03ac759c2eca1b5967c5d61445a8efe4379970236967a851f546f710f18ad515
embedded_file_obj0045_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 45 at offset 0x8E69; filter decode failed 392 bytes
SHA-256: 9ca9e1fca192b59727de5c9482a5b5f04fba1b6faa1eecdd3bf0564a659e8637
embedded_file_obj0046_undecoded.bin pdf-embedded-file-undecodable PDF EmbeddedFile object 46 at offset 0x9049; filter decode failed 82 bytes
SHA-256: 6cde5597c991d8ae52d8cc3cb7b0b85f7838c1fbe5a790ec76ee742100af2a33

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