Emotet — Office (OOXML) / .XLSX malware analysis

Static analysis result for SHA-256 d98145927f90e43d…

MALICIOUS

Office (OOXML) / .XLSX

103.0 KB Created: 2015-06-05 18:19:34 UTC Authoring application: Microsoft Excel 16.0300
MD5: 64ace19d310320c8f73307df4e652ca1 SHA-1: 003b2ff86f733ae108da1dd452f9fce9a120918d SHA-256: d98145927f90e43d05b5af68456e68dec380a58cb11694517184ee68093a8adb
250 Risk Score

Malware Insights

Emotet · confidence 95%

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Service Execution: Visual Basic T1218.011 System Binary Proxy Execution: Rundll32 T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

The sample is an Excel file containing Excel 4.0 macros, as indicated by multiple critical heuristic firings including OOXML_XLM_MACROSHEET and OOXML_XLM_DANGEROUS_FN. The macros utilize the FORMULA API to call Win32 functions, specifically 'rundll32.exe' with 'urlmon.dll' and 'DownloadToFile'/'RegisterServer' to download a payload from several URLs. The ClamAV detection also identifies it as 'Xls.Downloader.EmotetRed02223-9938636-0', strongly suggesting the Emotet family. The reconstructed URLs are: 'http://landorestates.com/wordpress/NELf96wr/', 'http://butzigerr.com/meeting/hBJCeNGAvBpGZoD7ee/', 'https://rockwoodsalloon.com/wp-admin/A706GTXNufQSWXG52/', 'https://teamsanddeep.com/wp-content/p3f2n6wcnwfg/', and 'https://csinoticias.com/wp-includes/RnHjIzg/'.

Heuristics 6

  • Excel 4.0 macro sheet (3 sheet(s)) critical OOXML_XLM_MACROSHEET
    Spreadsheet contains an Excel 4.0 (XLM) macro sheet — XLM was a major Office malware vector during 2020-2022 and evaded many VBA-focused controls before Microsoft tightened XLM defaults. Even legitimate XLM use is rare in modern workbooks.
  • Excel 4.0 Auto_Open defined name critical OOXML_XLM_AUTOOPEN_DEFINEDNAME
    Workbook defines _xlnm.Auto_Open or _xlnm.Auto_Close while containing an XLM macro sheet. This is the OOXML/XLSB auto-execution shape for Excel 4.0 macros.
  • Dangerous XLM formula APIs: FORMULA critical OOXML_XLM_DANGEROUS_FN
    Excel 4.0 macro sheet uses formula APIs that call directly into Win32 (=CALL/=EXEC/=REGISTER/=FORMULA). These are the primitives used to download payloads, write files, and start processes from an XLM macro without invoking VBA.
  • ClamAV: Xls.Downloader.EmotetRed02223-9938636-0 critical CLAMAV_DETECTION
    ClamAV detected this file as malware: Xls.Downloader.EmotetRed02223-9938636-0
  • Hidden worksheet (hidden) low OOXML_HIDDEN_SHEET
    Excel workbook contains 6 hidden sheet(s) — hidden sheets are commonly used to conceal macro code, staging data, or intermediate payload construction
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2006/main
    • http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships
    • http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2009/9/ac

Extracted artifacts 3

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
xlm_sheet_00.xml
5a62a357cb895c98dc30b4c4c5c056eac8ac1b92bc088a5bcf20517cbcd838f8		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/intlsheet1.xml 3434 bytes
xlm_sheet_01.xml
c70a51acb5791492ef3f1e96d2217abba4360bc0964fdbbf0b281da430450073		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet1.xml 908 bytes
xlm_sheet_02.xml
84b5606b26315521210c94dce2556ab11c1d4148efb57521cf114d2065ef725b		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet2.xml 905 bytes

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