Malicious Office (OOXML) / .XLSM — malware analysis report

Static analysis result for SHA-256 3e5c3ca2dba4a97b…

MALICIOUS

Office (OOXML) / .XLSM

238.3 KB Created: 2021-08-16 09:36:27 UTC Authoring application: Microsoft Excel 12.0000
MD5: 963a97b6efe44b61e3241b3747028987 SHA-1: 65cc1ec0d4434bbe52d2c8e73943c3f845504f12 SHA-256: 3e5c3ca2dba4a97b5ce64954a2b4a01b29a140dacfc0401dcc75471545c1f49a
250 Risk Score

Malware Insights

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Visual Basic T1204.002 Malicious File T1059.001 PowerShell

This XLSM file contains Excel 4.0 macros, specifically utilizing the Auto_Open function. The macros leverage dangerous functions like FOPEN, FWRITE, and EXEC to write and execute a script. The script is constructed by concatenating character codes, ultimately forming the path 'C:\ProgramData\kzbUSLmXY.sct'. This indicates the sample's intent is to download and execute a second-stage payload from the constructed path.

Heuristics 6

  • Excel 4.0 macro sheet (1 sheet(s)) critical OOXML_XLM_MACROSHEET
    Spreadsheet contains an Excel 4.0 (XLM) macro sheet — XLM was a major Office malware vector during 2020-2022 and evaded many VBA-focused controls before Microsoft tightened XLM defaults. Even legitimate XLM use is rare in modern workbooks.
  • Excel 4.0 Auto_Open defined name critical OOXML_XLM_AUTOOPEN_DEFINEDNAME
    Workbook defines _xlnm.Auto_Open or _xlnm.Auto_Close while containing an XLM macro sheet. This is the OOXML/XLSB auto-execution shape for Excel 4.0 macros.
  • Dangerous XLM formula APIs: FOPEN, FWRITE, FCLOSE, EXEC, HALT critical OOXML_XLM_DANGEROUS_FN
    Excel 4.0 macro sheet uses formula APIs that call directly into Win32 (=CALL/=EXEC/=REGISTER/=FORMULA). These are the primitives used to download payloads, write files, and start processes from an XLM macro without invoking VBA.
  • ClamAV: Xls.Downloader.Trojan-a0425f7f2000faff-a0425f7f2000faff-9950268-0 critical CLAMAV_DETECTION
    ClamAV detected this file as malware: Xls.Downloader.Trojan-a0425f7f2000faff-a0425f7f2000faff-9950268-0
  • Hidden worksheet (hidden) low OOXML_HIDDEN_SHEET
    Excel workbook contains 1 hidden sheet(s) — hidden sheets are commonly used to conceal macro code, staging data, or intermediate payload construction
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2006/main
    • http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships

Extracted artifacts 1

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
xlm_sheet_00.xml
f833e3f7a8f9c1d2cd39e21d5ea73f735cdc8eac3462c523e0caf4d35d6d48dd		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet1.xml 709579 bytes

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