Qbot — Office (OLE) / .XLSX malware analysis

Static analysis result for SHA-256 2e582deee92efa4d…

MALICIOUS

Office (OLE) / .XLSX

105.5 KB Created: 2015-06-05 18:19:34 Authoring application: Microsoft Excel
MD5: 91c58d3dab0442bf3c7c02fd08c01dc5 SHA-1: 4fa8691e4016d9948f45a4043de4e18db79cbc71 SHA-256: 2e582deee92efa4d0cc5557ffc9c6abd225473936ceb6f8f168efbe5e8d0bb38
262 Risk Score

Malware Insights

Qbot · confidence 95%

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Service Execution: Visual Basic T1204.002 Malicious File Execution: User Execution: Malicious File

The file contains Excel 4.0 macros, specifically an Auto_Open macro that utilizes dangerous functions like RUN. The macros reconstruct and execute URLs, indicating a downloader functionality. The ClamAV detection and the presence of reconstructed URLs strongly suggest a Qbot family infection. The macro code explicitly concatenates strings to form the URLs: "http"&"s://dongarza.com/gJW5ma382Z/x.html", "http"&"s://headlinepost.net/3AkrPbRj/x.html", and "http"&"s://produtoratimedeelenco.com.br/9E6Y322u/x.html".

Heuristics 6

  • Excel 4.0 Auto_Open defined name critical OLE_XLM_AUTOOPEN_DEFINEDNAME
    oletools recovered an Auto_Open / Auto_Close entry from an Excel 4.0 macro sheet. The raw BIFF name can be tokenized or partially opaque to byte-string checks, but the recovered macro listing confirms the workbook has an XLM auto-execution entry.
  • XLM Auto_Open with dangerous formula APIs critical OLE_XLM_DANGEROUS_FN
    Excel 4.0 macro sheet contains an Auto_Open / Auto_Close entry and dangerous XLM formula APIs that can invoke programs, write files, or transfer control without VBA.
  • URL reconstructed from XLM cell array (3 URLs) critical OLE_XLM_CELL_ARRAY_URL
    Excel 4.0 macro sheet stages its payload URL across the BIFF8 Shared String Table (one quoted-char SST entry concatenated with & at runtime) or across individual numeric cells (one ASCII charcode per cell). The reconstructed URL is invisible to literal-bytes URL extraction because it is never contiguous in the workbook stream. URLs were recovered by walking the BIFF8 record stream and decoding SST entries plus LABELSST/RK/NUMBER cells.
  • ClamAV: Doc.Downloader.Qbot11202120-9906200-0 critical CLAMAV_DETECTION
    ClamAV detected this file as malware: Doc.Downloader.Qbot11202120-9906200-0
  • Excel 4.0 (XLM) macro sheet present medium OLE_XLM_AUTOOPEN
    Workbook contains an Excel 4.0 macro sheet sub-stream — XLM is rarely seen in modern legitimate workbooks and was a major Office malware vector during 2020-2022.
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL https://dongarza.com/gJW5ma382Z/x.html
    • https://headlinepost.net/3AkrPbRj/x.html
    • https://produtoratimedeelenco.com.br/9E6Y322u/x.html

Extracted artifacts 1

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
xlm_macros.txt
2d69a468deda6ef532bccca4917aca41c7abe1a521540a9fe9f977b5d05e05bf		 xlm-macro oletools.olevba.extract_all_macros (XLM macro listing) 11378 bytes

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