IcedID — Office (OOXML) / .XLSM malware analysis

Static analysis result for SHA-256 076444941fa2d38e…

MALICIOUS

Office (OOXML) / .XLSM

170.5 KB Created: 2015-06-05 18:19:34 UTC Authoring application: Microsoft Excel 16.0300
MD5: ba7033fdcc8c4b91a7d4374b83119ddf SHA-1: 93ceca0d52a74c341bcf6569b4b2246716b9ca06 SHA-256: 076444941fa2d38efdf74300274f8d13da70d6768aa3ad683f6ad28cf390a09e
242 Risk Score

Malware Insights

IcedID · confidence 95%

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Visual Basic T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution

The file is an XLSM document containing Excel 4.0 macros, identified by heuristics as dangerous due to the use of functions like FORMULA.FILL, GOTO, RETURN, and EXEC. These functions are used to download and execute payloads. The ClamAV signature also indicates it is an IcedID downloader. The macros construct URLs and commands to fetch and run a second-stage payload.

Heuristics 5

  • Excel 4.0 macro sheet (2 sheet(s)) critical OOXML_XLM_MACROSHEET
    Spreadsheet contains an Excel 4.0 (XLM) macro sheet — XLM was a major Office malware vector during 2020-2022 and evaded many VBA-focused controls before Microsoft tightened XLM defaults. Even legitimate XLM use is rare in modern workbooks.
  • Excel 4.0 Auto_Open defined name critical OOXML_XLM_AUTOOPEN_DEFINEDNAME
    Workbook defines _xlnm.Auto_Open or _xlnm.Auto_Close while containing an XLM macro sheet. This is the OOXML/XLSB auto-execution shape for Excel 4.0 macros.
  • Dangerous XLM formula APIs: FORMULA.FILL, GOTO, RETURN, EXEC critical OOXML_XLM_DANGEROUS_FN
    Excel 4.0 macro sheet uses formula APIs that call directly into Win32 (=CALL/=EXEC/=REGISTER/=FORMULA). These are the primitives used to download payloads, write files, and start processes from an XLM macro without invoking VBA.
  • ClamAV: Xls.Downloader.IcedID-9f1f1d193a2a2a2b-9951463-0 critical CLAMAV_DETECTION
    ClamAV detected this file as malware: Xls.Downloader.IcedID-9f1f1d193a2a2a2b-9951463-0
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2006/main
    • http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships
    • http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2009/9/ac
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2014/revision
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2015/revision2
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2016/revision3
    • http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2016/revision6

Extracted artifacts 2

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
xlm_sheet_00.xml
de99fa97839e5d559ffd5543beb25297e16f5f1cc3e539445745354d3f480145		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet1.xml 4771 bytes
xlm_sheet_01.xml
ec666c9d225befa7b355659a9f4b1be9fc09d89a108ceccff5430c2c3d528ed9		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet2.xml 2475 bytes

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