Malicious Office (OOXML) / .XLSX — malware analysis report

Static analysis result for SHA-256 048fd36361cfae4c…

MALICIOUS

Office (OOXML) / .XLSX

78.6 KB Created: 2021-10-27 10:31:49 UTC Authoring application: Microsoft Excel 12.0000
MD5: acc524cf8daa3dd37951537c1a5ae511 SHA-1: 737767a4fe1a73dd7267562a2706ab582403d86b SHA-256: 048fd36361cfae4c6ec80243dc0d4e2add1da2bb039441900d4c2265957b9eb7
182 Risk Score

Malware Insights

MITRE ATT&CK
T1059.005 Visual Basic T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

The sample contains Excel 4.0 macros that reconstruct a command to execute 'mshta C:\ProgramData\excel.rtf'. The macros also contain three URLs hosted on Discord, which are likely used to download the second-stage payload. The execution of mshta with a local file path suggests the downloaded payload is intended to be executed.

Heuristics 4

  • Excel 4.0 macro sheet (1 sheet(s)) critical OOXML_XLM_MACROSHEET
    Spreadsheet contains an Excel 4.0 (XLM) macro sheet — XLM was a major Office malware vector during 2020-2022 and evaded many VBA-focused controls before Microsoft tightened XLM defaults. Even legitimate XLM use is rare in modern workbooks. The macro sheet is stored as XLSB/BIFF12 binary content, which many XML-only OOXML scanners miss.
  • XLM payload reassembled from CHAR()/split formulas critical OOXML_XLM_REASSEMBLED_PAYLOAD
    An Excel 4.0 macro sheet builds its payload inside the formula token stream by concatenating per-character CHAR() calls and string fragments, so no WinAPI name, shell command, or URL is ever contiguous in the .bin for a literal-bytes scan to find. Reassembling the formulas recovered download/execute API names, LOLBin commands (regsvr32/rundll32/mshta/wmic/powershell), or a payload URL — the de-obfuscated download-and-run kill chain.
  • URL reconstructed from XLM cell array (3 URLs) critical OOXML_XLM_CELL_ARRAY_URL
    Excel 4.0 macro sheet stages its payload URL across individual numeric cells (one ASCII charcode per cell) or inside an embedded HTA that uses VBScript Chr()/&-concat obfuscation. The reconstructed URL is invisible to literal-bytes URL extraction because it is never contiguous in the workbook stream. URLs were recovered by walking the BIFF12 record stream of every worksheet and macrosheet part and decoding RK/inline-string cells in both row-major and column-major order.
  • Embedded URL info EMBEDDED_URL
    One or more URLs were extracted from the document. The URL itself is not a detection — see the per-URL labels for which channel (macro, JS, link annotation, document body, ...) reached each URL.
    URL https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/905044663310884887/905081497416003594/yUwbE.mp3
    • https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/905044663310884887/905079231762030663/rYQNQiqF.mp3
    • https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/905044663310884887/905079133531418705/kicEA.mp3

Extracted artifacts 1

Files carved from inside the sample during analysis.

FilenameKindSourceSize
xlm_sheet_00.bin
667866b0c5c08a31c1dbe994532219b87d56469c8aac4fa95bc806c825d191d4		 xlm-macrosheet OOXML XLM macro sheet: xl/macrosheets/sheet1.bin 125136 bytes

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